![]() ![]() The hindcast was generated using the ocean general circulation model HYCOM, coupled to the biogeochemical model ECOSMO. To investigate the variability of North Atlantic sponge habitats for the past half century, the deep-sea conditions have been simulated with a 67-year model hindcast from 1948 to 2014. ![]() Therefore, long-term simulation with coupled bio-physical models can shed light on the changes in environmental conditions sponges are exposed to. Until now consistent monitoring timeseries of the environment at deep sea sponge habitats are missing. Living in the deep ocean, where environmental properties below the permanent thermocline generally change slowly, they may not easily acclimatize to abrupt changes in the environment. 4Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norwayĭeep-sea sponges inhabit multiple areas of the deep North Atlantic at depths below 250 m.3Institute of Oceanography, CEN, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.2Institute of Coastal Systems Analysis and Modelling, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Geesthacht, Germany.1Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway.Annette Samuelsen 1* Corinna Schrum 2,3 Veli Çağlar Yumruktepe 1 Ute Daewel 2 Emyr Martyn Roberts 4† ![]()
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